HHIPL1 is a secreted proatherogenic protein that enhances hedgehog signaling and regulates smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Inhibition of HHIPL1 protein function might offer a novel therapeutic strategy for coronary artery disease.

Findings support previous genetic analyses suggesting that long-term use of PCSK9 inhibitors, like statins, may be associated with increased risk of T2DM. Some other potential side effects need to be looked for in future studies of PCSK9 inhibitors, although we did not find signals that raise substantial concerns about their long-term safety.

A wide spectrum of CV conditions, including premature death, might develop consecutively or in parallel with CAD for the same genetic roots. In conditions like heart failure, the study found evidence that the CAD-GRS could be used to stratify patients with no or limited genetic overlap with CAD risk. Increased genetic predisposition to CAD was inversely associated with migraine headaches.

It is 10 years since CARDIoGRAM entered the scientific lexicon. It is the acronym for the Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome wide Replication and Meta-analysis, a global consortium that has set new standards in the exploration of the genetics of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI).

Rare Protein-Truncating Variants in APOB which are associated with lower LDL-C and reduced triglycerides also confer protection against CHD.

Genetic variants known to affect educational attainment may have implications for a health-conscious lifestyle later in life and subsequently affect the risk of CAD.